航空光谱相机反射镜部件的有限元分析

反射镜是光谱相机的关键元件,为保证在复杂环境下的成像质量,有必要对其进行研究分析以验证结构设计的可靠性。针对反射镜在工作中的面形变化及结构的动力学性能,应用有限元分析软件MSC.Nastran对反射镜部件进行了静力分析及随机振动分析。计算结果表明,装配时压紧力对反射镜面形变化影响明显,可根据计算结果指导装调;随机振动分析结果表明,反射镜部件结构设计可靠,符合结构破坏的3σ原则,能够满足成像对反射镜位置精度和面形精度的要求。     

Self‐Toughening and Self‐Reinforcing Injection‐Molded Isotactic Polypropylene via Midfrequency Vibration Field

The effect of vibration frequency on the mechanical properties of general grade polypropylene (PP) prepared by two types of vibration injection molding (VIM) was investigated. With the application of vibration injection molding, the mechanical properties of isotactic PP are improved. The yield strength was upgraded with the increment of vibration frequency and a peak occurs at a particular frequency for each VIM. The elongation at break was also raised by increased vibration frequency, and the vibration frequency also improves impact strength. Self‐reinforcing and self‐toughening polypropylene molded parts were found at high vibration frequency. The wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD) curves and scanning electronic micrograph (SEM) micrographs have shown that, in the vibration field, the enhancement of mechanical properties can be attributed to the occurrence of a γ‐phase crystalline structure and a more pronounced elongation in shape than obtained by conventional injection moldings. In addition, smaller crystals of the β‐phase crystal form improve toughness.     

The Effect of Melt Vibration on Polystyrene Melt Flowing Behavior During Extrusion

Vibration extrusion (VE) is achieved by superimposing a mechanical vibration on the flowing melt during extrusion. The effect of melt vibration on the melt flow behavior of polystyrene (PS) was studied. The melt flow behavior during conventional extrusion (CE) was studied for comparison. With the application of the melt vibration technology, the melt flow behavior of PS was greatly improved. The melt viscosity during the VE strongly depends on the vibration frequency and vibration amplitude. Extruded at constant vibration amplitude, the melt viscosity decreases sharply with increasing vibration frequency and also does so for increasing vibration amplitude when extruded at a constant vibration frequency. The improved melt flow property is explained in terms of shear-thinning criteria. The effect of melt vibration on the melt flow behavior is also related to the melt temperature and extrusion pressure; the greatest decease in viscosity is obtained at low temperature and low extrusion pressure.     

Ab initio ro-vibrational Hamiltonian in irreducible tensor formalism: a method for computing energy levels from potential energy surfaces for symmetric-top molecules

A theoretical approach to study ro-vibrational molecular states from a full nuclear Hamiltonian expressed in terms of normal-mode irreducible tensor operators is presented for the first time. Each term of the Hamiltonian expansion can thus be cast in the tensor form in a systematic way using the formalism of ladder operators. Pyramidal XY₃ molecules appear to be good candidates to validate this approach which allows taking advantage of the symmetry properties when doubly degenerate vibrational modes are considered. Examples of applications will be given for PH₃ where variational calculations have been carried out from our recent potential energy surface [Nikitin et al., J. Chem. Phys. 130, 244312 (2009)].     

基于双色条纹投影的薄膜振动模式分析

结构光投影和条纹时间平均分析技术已被用于振动模式分析中,但由于投影单色正弦条纹时振动薄膜变形条纹傅里叶谱中零频涵盖范围较大,会限制滤波窗的选取范围,从而影响模式的最终重建结果。为提高振动模式重建的准确性,提出了一种利用π相移正弦条纹投影进行薄膜振动模式分析和振幅重建的方法,通过处理两个通道的条纹分量达到消除零频的目的。给出了该方法的理论分析,完成了相应的计算机模拟,分析了影响测量精度的因素。通过与投影单色正弦条纹的振动模式重建结果对比,表明该方法有较高的重建精度。不同激励频率下的实际薄膜振动实验结果也证明了该方法正确可行。     

Effects of ramp vibrational states on flexural intrinsic vibrations in Besocke-style scanners

For both the vibrating and steady supporting surfaces of a scanning disk in a Besocke-style piezoelectric scanner, a theoretical model is given by considering the nonlinear lateral friction at the micro-contact interface between the positioning legs and the supporting surface. Numerical simulations demonstrate that unexpected flexural vibrations can arise from a vibrating ramp, and their frequencies are lower than the eigenfrequencies of the scanner in the linearly elastic regime. The vibrations essentially depend on 1） the vibrational states of the supporting ramp and the steel ball tips on the three piezo- electric positioning legs, and 2） the tribological characteristics of the contacts between the tips and the ramp. The results give an insight into the intrinsic vibrations of the scanners, and are applicable in designing and optimizing piezoelectric scanning systems.     

TMT望远镜三镜系统的研究进展

介绍30 m望远镜（TMT）的相关背景以及我国在TMT项目中承担的任务。从TMT三镜系统的总体要求出发,论述了三镜系统的两个主要部分（M3CA和M3PA）的具体要求、技术难点以及初步方案。针对M3CA,介绍了底支撑方案和侧支撑方案,采用Kinematic的底支撑方案时其面形精度RMS可以达到109.7 nm,SlopeRMS为0.95μrad,采用Kinematic的侧支撑方案时其面形精度RMS＜15 nm,一阶谐振频率等于17.7 Hz,均达到了设计要求。针对M3PA,介绍了Tilt轴系和Rotator轴系的方案。最后,简要介绍了三镜控制系统（M3CS）的要求和目标。     

非线性振动、非线性波与Jacobi椭圆函数(续)

5　正弦戈登方程、扭结、反扭结波、呼吸孤立波正弦戈登方程 (sing -Gordon方程 ,简记为SG方程 )φxx- φtt=sin φ (38)是自然科学和应用科学中出现的另一个重要的非线性发展方程 (演化方程 ) .在晶体位错的传播、磁旋波在铁磁材料中的传播、约瑟夫森 (Josephson)结中继传输线等乃至生物物理的诸多问题中都应用了这一方程 .本文从单摆弹簧链模型这一特例引入SG方程 .考虑如图 3所示的N个相连弹簧 -单摆运动方程 (称为单摆弹簧链 ) .N个单摆悬挂在横置的诸弹簧上 ,每个摆的长度和质量均相同 ,每个螺旋弹簧的长度和劲度系数也相同 ,则第i…     

激光双光栅法测微小位移中光拍信号波形改进

通过理论分析和计算机模拟方法,对激光双光栅法测微小位移实验中出现的不规则光拍信号波形,即“毛刺”现象进行讨论,提出了改进双光栅微振动实验的方法,并获得了好的结果     

对弦振动实验中振源的改进

设计制作了一种振源．将其应用于弦振动实验时,不但能像电动音叉作振源那样,可以验证弦线上驻波波长与弦线张力、密度的关系,而且还可以验证电动音叉作振源所不能验证的弦线上驻波波长与驻波频率的关系．